This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_disorder
00:02:18 1 Definition
00:05:32 1.1 Concept of nervous illness
00:07:53 2 Classifications
00:10:57 2.1 Dimensional models
00:12:16 2.2 Disorders
00:21:31 3 Signs and symptoms
00:21:41 3.1 Course
00:23:34 3.2 Disability
00:28:24 4 Risk factors
00:28:46 4.1 Drugs
00:29:25 4.2 Personality traits
00:29:49 4.3 Genetics
00:31:09 4.4 Environmental
00:32:39 4.5 Models
00:34:26 5 Diagnosis
00:37:32 5.1 Criticism
00:39:35 6 Prevention
00:41:32 7 Management
00:42:37 7.1 Lifestyle
00:42:54 7.2 Psychotherapy
00:44:18 7.3 Medication
00:45:29 7.4 Other
00:46:48 8 Epidemiology
00:50:30 9 History
00:50:39 9.1 Ancient civilizations
00:52:03 9.2 Europe
00:52:11 9.2.1 Middle Ages
00:53:05 9.2.2 Eighteenth century
00:53:42 9.2.3 Nineteenth century
00:54:15 9.2.4 Twentieth century
00:54:43 9.3 Europe and the United States
00:57:52 10 Society and culture
00:59:08 10.1 Religion
00:59:57 10.2 Movements
01:02:55 10.3 Cultural bias
01:06:33 10.4 Laws and policies
01:10:36 10.5 Perception and discrimination
01:10:46 10.5.1 Stigma
01:12:28 10.5.2 Media and general public
01:14:28 10.5.3 Violence
01:17:29 11 Mental health
01:18:20 12 Other animals
01:21:26 13 See also
01:21:50 14 Notes
01:21:59 15 Further reading
01:22:09 16 External links
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SUMMARY
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A mental disorder, also called a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitting, or occur as a single episode. Many disorders have been described, with signs and symptoms that vary widely between specific disorders. Such disorders may be diagnosed by a mental health professional.
The causes of mental disorders are often unclear. Theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields. Mental disorders are usually defined by a combination of how a person behaves, feels, perceives, or thinks. This may be associated with particular regions or functions of the brain, often in a social context. A mental disorder is one aspect of mental health. Cultural and religious beliefs, as well as social norms, should be taken into account when making a diagnosis.Services are based in psychiatric hospitals or in the community, and assessments are carried out by mental health professionals such as psychiatrists, psychologists, and clinical social workers, using various methods such as psychometric tests but often relying on observation and questioning. Treatments are provided by various mental health professionals. Psychotherapy and psychiatric medication are two major treatment options. Other treatments include lifestyle changes, social interventions, peer support, and self-help. In a minority of cases there might be involuntary detention or treatment. Prevention programs have been shown to reduce depression.Common mental disorders include depression, which affects about 300 million, bipolar disorder, which affects about 60 million, dementia, which affects about 50 million, and schizophrenia and other psychoses, which affects about 23 million people globally. Stigma and discrimination can add to the suffering and disability associated with mental disorders, leading to various social movements attempting to increase understanding and challenge social exclusion.
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